مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی و ارزش بازار شرکت با تاکید بر نقش تعدیلگر رقابت بازار
چکیده
هدف: هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی (CSR) بر ارزش بازار شرکتها و همچنین تبیین نقش تعدیلکننده رقابت بازار در این رابطه است. اهمیت این موضوع از آنجا ناشی میشود که در شرایط کنونی، مسئولیت اجتماعی بهعنوان یکی از عوامل کلیدی در ارتقای اعتبار و ارزشآفرینی شرکتها مطرح بوده و توجه به آن میتواند به بهبود جایگاه رقابتی بنگاهها منجر شود.
روششناسی پژوهش: این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی ـ تحلیلی بوده و با استفاده از دادههای تابلویی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری شامل 121 شرکت پذیرفتهشده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران طی دوره زمانی 1394 تا 1403 است. بهمنظور آزمون فرضیهها از الگوی رگرسیون با اثرات ثابت استفاده شده و شاخص Q توبین بهعنوان معیار سنجش ارزش بازار شرکتها بهکار گرفته شده است.
یافتهها: نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد که بین مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی و ارزش بازار شرکتها رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد؛ بهطوریکه افزایش سطح فعالیتهای مسئولانه اجتماعی منجر به افزایش ارزش بازار شرکتها میشود. در مقابل، رقابت بازار و اثر تعاملی آن با مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی تاثیر معناداری بر ارزش بازار شرکتها ندارد.
اصالت/ارزش افزوده علمی: اصالت این پژوهش در ترکیب دو مفهوم کلیدی مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی و رقابت بازار و بررسی همزمان نقش آنها در تبیین ارزش بازار شرکتها در بستر اقتصاد ایران است. یافتههای این مطالعه میتواند به مدیران و سیاستگذاران در طراحی و تدوین راهبردهای موثر در راستای رشد و پایداری سازمانی کمک کند و بر اهمیت مسئولیت اجتماعی بهعنوان یک عامل ارزشآفرین تأکید نماید.
کلمات کلیدی:
مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی، ارزش بازار شرکت، رقابت بازارمراجع
- [1] Mishra, S., & Modi, S. B. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and shareholder wealth: The role of marketing capability. Journal of marketing, 80(1), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0013
- [2] Nickerson, D., Lowe, M., Pattabhiramaiah, A., & Sorescu, A. (2022). The impact of corporate social responsibility on brand sales: An accountability perspective. Journal of marketing, 86(2), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429211044155
- [3] Vock, M. (2022). Luxurious and responsible? Consumer perceptions of corporate social responsibility efforts by luxury versus mass-market brands. Journal of brand management, 29(6), 569–583. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-022-00281-x?urlappend=%3Futm_source%3Dresearchgate.net%26utm_medium%3Darticle
- [4] Ford, B. R., & Stohl, C. (2019). Does CSR Matter? A longitudinal analysis of product reviews for CSR-associated brands. Journal of brand management, 26(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-018-0108-2
- [5] Dupire, M., & M’Zali, B. (2018). CSR strategies in response to competitive pressures. Journal of business ethics, 148(3), 603–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2981-x
- [6] Muniz, F., & Guzman, F. (2021). Overcoming the conflicting values of luxury branding and CSR by leveraging celebrity endorsements to build brand equity. Journal of brand management, 28(3), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-021-00230-0
- [7] Gilal, F. G., Gilal, N. G., Martinez, L. F., & Gilal, R. G. (2023). Do all brand CSR initiatives make consumers happy? The role of CSR-brand (mis) fit and sense of relatedness. Journal of product & brand management, 32(6), 942–957. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-01-2022-3849
- [8] Safeer, A. A., & Liu, H. (2023). Role of corporate social responsibility authenticity in developing perceived brand loyalty: A consumer perceptions paradigm. Journal of product & brand management, 32(2), 330–342. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-01-2022-3807
- [9] Childs, M., Woo, H., & Kim, S. (2019). Sincerity or ploy? An investigation of corporate social responsibility campaigns. Journal of product & brand management, 28(4), 489–501. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-07-2018-1953
- [10] Pope, S., & Kim, J. (2022). Where, when, and who: Corporate social responsibility and brand value—a global panel study. Business & society, 61(6), 1631–1683. https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503211019315
- [11] Bhattacharya, A., Good, V., & Sardashti, H. (2020). Doing good when times are bad: The impact of CSR on brands during recessions. European journal of marketing, 54(9), 2049–2077. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-01-2019-0088
- [12] Erdem, T., & Swait, J. (2004). Brand credibility, brand consideration, and choice. Journal of consumer research, 31(1), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1086/383434
- [13] Ghanbarpour, T., & Gustafsson, A. (2022). How do corporate social responsibility (CSR) and innovativeness increase financial gains? A customer perspective analysis. Journal of business research, 140, 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.016
- [14] Raza, A., Saeed, A., Iqbal, M. K., Saeed, U., Sadiq, I., & Faraz, N. A. (2020). Linking corporate social responsibility to customer loyalty through co-creation and customer company identification: Exploring sequential mediation mechanism. Sustainability, 12(6), 2525. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062525
- [15] Lin, C. P., Chen, S. C., Chiu, C. K., & Lee, W. Y. (2011). Understanding purchase intention during product-harm crises: Moderating effects of perceived corporate ability and corporate social responsibility. Journal of business ethics, 102(3), 455–471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0824-y
- [16] Brown, T. J., & Dacin, P. A. (1997). The company and the product: Corporate associations and consumer product responses. Journal of marketing, 61(1), 68–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299706100106
- [17] Currás-Pérez, R., Bigné-Alcañiz, E., & Alvarado-Herrera, A. (2009). The role of self-definitional principles in consumer identification with a socially responsible company. Journal of business ethics, 89(4), 547–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-0016-6
- [18] Lichtenstein, D. R., Drumwright, M. E., & Braig, B. M. (2004). The effect of corporate social responsibility on customer donations to corporate-supported nonprofits. Journal of marketing, 68(4), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.1509jmkg.68.4.16.42726
- [19] Pérez, A., & del Bosque, I. (2013). Measuring CSR image: Three studies to develop and to validate a reliable measurement tool. Journal of business ethics, 118(2), 265–286. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-012-1588-8#:~:text=DOI-,https%3A//doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1588-8,-Keywords
- [20] Pérez, A., & del Bosque, I. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Exploring the role of identification, satisfaction and type of company. Journal of services marketing, 29(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-10-2013-0272
- [21] Sen, S., & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2001). Does doing good always lead to doing better? Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility. Journal of marketing research, 38(2), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.38.2.225.18838
- [22] Bhattacharya, C. B., & Sen, S. (2003). Consumer--company identification: A framework for understanding consumers’ relationships with companies. Journal of marketing, 67(2), 76–88. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.67.2.76.18609
- [23] Turban, D. B., & Greening, D. W. (1997). Corporate social performance and organizational attractiveness to prospective employees. Academy of management journal, 40(3), 658–672. https://doi.org/10.5465/257057
- [24] Du, S., Bhattacharya, C. B., & Sen, S. (2007). Reaping relational rewards from corporate social responsibility: The role of competitive positioning. International journal of research in marketing, 24(3), 224–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2007.01.001
- [25] Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of organizational behavior, 13(2), 103–123. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130202
- [26] Fatma, M., Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2016). How does corporate association influence consumer brand loyalty? Mediating role of brand identification. Journal of product & brand management, 25(7), 629–641. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-07-2015-0932
- [27] Deng, X., & Xu, Y. (2017). Consumers’ responses to corporate social responsibility initiatives: The mediating role of consumer--company identification. Journal of business ethics, 142(3), 515–526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2742-x
- [28] Madrigal, R. (2001). Social identity effects in a belief--attitude--intentions hierarchy: Implications for corporate sponsorship. Psychology & marketing, 18(2), 145–165. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6793(200102)18:2%3C145::AID-MAR1003%3E3.0.CO;2-T
- [29] Ahearne, M., Bhattacharya, C. B., & Gruen, T. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of customer-company identification: Expanding the role of relationship marketing. Journal of applied psychology, 90(3), 574–585. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.90.3.574
- [30] Cornwell, T. B., & Coote, L. V. (2005). Corporate sponsorship of a cause: The role of identification in purchase intent. Journal of business research, 58(3), 268–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00135-8
- [31] Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. Psychology of intergroup relations, 2, 7–24. https://christosaioannou.com/Tajfel and Turner 1986.pdf
- [32] Ellemers, N., Kortekaas, P., & Ouwerkerk, J. W. (1999). Self-categorisation, commitment to the group and group self-esteem as related but distinct aspects of social identity. European journal of social psychology, 29(2–3), 371–389. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/33.0.CO;2-U
- [33] Kang, C., Germann, F., & Grewal, R. (2016). Washing away your sins? Corporate social responsibility, corporate social irresponsibility, and firm performance. Journal of marketing, 80(2), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0324
- [34] Long, W., Li, S., Wu, H., & Song, X. (2020). Corporate social responsibility and financial performance: The roles of government intervention and market competition. Corporate social responsibility and environmental management, 27(2), 525–541. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1817
- [35] Luo, X., & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2006). Corporate social responsibility, customer satisfaction, and market value. Journal of marketing, 70(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.4.001
- [36] Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of management review, 14(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4278999
- [37] Gupta, K., & Krishnamurti, C. (2021). Corporate social responsibility, competition, and firm value. Pacific-basin finance journal, 68, 101622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2021.101622
- [38] Hull, C. E., & Rothenberg, S. (2008). Firm performance: The interactions of corporate social performance with innovation and industry differentiation. Strategic management journal, 29(7), 781–789. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.675
- [39] Sheikh, S. (2018). Corporate social responsibility, product market competition, and firm value. Journal of economics and business, 98, 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.07.001
- [40] Sheikh, S. (2018). The impact of market competition on the relation between CEO power and firm innovation. Journal of multinational financial management, 44, 36–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2018.01.003
- [41] Alves, I. M. (2009). Green spin everywhere: How greenwashing reveals the limits of the csr paradigm. Journal of global change & governance, 2(1), 1–26. https://carbonconnector.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/green-spin.pdf
- [42] Berger, I. E., Cunningham, P. H., & Drumwright, M. E. (2007). Mainstreaming corporate social responsibility: Developing markets for virtue. California management review, 49(4), 132–157. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166409
- [43] Huemer, L. (2010). Corporate social responsibility and multinational corporation identity: Norwegian strategies in the Chilean aquaculture industry. Journal of business ethics, 91(Suppl 2), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0618-7
- [44] Matten, D., & Moon, J. (2008). “Implicit” and “explicit” CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of management review, 33(2), 404–424. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2008.31193458
- [45] Peloza, J., Loock, M., Cerruti, J., & Muyot, M. (2012). Sustainability: How stakeholder perceptions differ from corporate reality. California management review, 55(1), 74–97. https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2012.55.1.74
- [46] Zolfaghari, M., & Ashori Khatibi, N. (2018). The impact of corporate social responsibility on competitive success in companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of accounting and management vision, 1(2), 54-67. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_75363_bce5b4bd75f52ba6a526b62ba8023ed0.pdf?lang=en
- [47] Sahmaniasl, M. A., Nasirifar, H., & Weysihesar, S. (2022). Effects of competition in the product market on the relationship between social responsibility and financial leverage of companies. Financial accounting research, 13(4), 93-114. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22108/far.2022.133477.1880
- [48] FarhadToski, O., & Mousavipour, S. S. (2022). Investigating the effect of tax avoidance and corporate governance on social responsibility in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of accounting and management vision, 4(54), 55-68. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_144312_44d110760b26ff780e9deecc9fbf6f4c.pdf
- [49] Rahmanpour, Z., EmamiMibody, M., & others. (2024). The effect of corporate social responsibility on financial performance, financial stability and financial inclusion. Judgment and decision making in accounting and auditing, 3(11), 127-146. (In Persian). https://sid.ir/paper/1399888/en
- [50] Jargouni, F., Ebrahimi, S. K., Amri Asrami, M., & Jalali, F. (2022). The moderating role of product market competition on the relationship between social responsibility and operational performance. Quarterly journal of accounting, auditing and finance in islamic environments, 1(2), 158-190. (In Persian). https://civilica.com/doc/2030232/
- [51] Kohi, E. (2023). Investigating the relationship between product market competition and social responsibility of companies admitted to the stock exchange. Journal of accounting and management vision, 5(70), 67-84. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_164786.html?lang=en
- [52] Eskandari, A., & Abdolmaleki, Z. (2022). The effect of tax avoidance and corporate governance on the bankruptcy risk of companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of accounting and management vision, 5(68), 126-143. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_163442.html?lang=en
- [53] Chehel Pesaran, M., Mousavi, S. A., & Esfahani, M. (2023). The impact of social responsibility on firm value with role of financial fraud in firms. Public sector accounting and budgeting, 4(3), 1-21. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/psab.2023.192627
- [54] Khodadadeh Shamloo, N., Safri, M., Razmi, R., & Safari, R. (2024). The relationship between corporate social responsibility and Firm value Emphasizing the tenure of the CEO. Journal of accounting and management vision, 7(91), 235-252. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_203284.html?lang=en
- [55] Valizadeh Larijani, A., & Mafakhri Bashmagh, S. (2024). Corporate social responsibility reporting and financing (banking facilities and debt securities). Asset management and financing, 12(3), 103-118. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22108/amf.2024.139579.1833
- [56] Yari Fard, R., & Hashemi, N. (2024). The impact of social responsibility reporting on company value considering the role of audit quality, corporate governance and earnings management in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Quarterly journal of accounting and management perspectives, 7(94), 1-27. (In Persian). https://www.jamv.ir/article_208361.html?lang=en
- [57] Shaker Ardakani, M. E.-S., & Bozorg, M. M. (2025). The impact of corporate social responsibility on financial performance: The moderating role of investor sentiments. Journal of accounting advances, 17(1), 225-261. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22099/jaa.2025.52001.2474
- [58] Quairel-Lanoizelée, F. (2011). Are competition and corporate social responsibility compatible? The myth of sustainable competitive advantage. Society and business review, 6(1), 77–98. https://doi.org/10.1108/17465681111105850
- [59] Omar, B. F., & Zallom, N. O. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and market value: evidence from Jordan. Journal of financial reporting and accounting, 14(1), 2–29. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-11-2014-0084
- [60] Attarit, T., Sirimathep, P., Petpairote, W., Jiracheewee, J., & Pestunji, C. (2025). The influences of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility and firm performance of the listed companies in Thailand sustainability investment. International journal of economics and financial issues, 15(1), 238. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17406
- [61] Farooq, M., Khan, I., Kainat, M., & Mumtaz, A. (2025). Corporate social responsibility and firm value: The role of enterprise risk management and corporate governance. Corporate governance: the international journal of business in society, 25(3), 631–663. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-08-2023-0341
- [62] Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator--mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
- [63] Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers, 36(4), 717–731. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206553
- [64] Brueninghaus, D., Arribas, I., García, F., & Burmann, C. (2025). CSR associations and market value: The moderating role of market competition. Journal of product & brand management, 34(3), 333–346. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-01-2023-4315
- [65] Ahmad, H. I., & Aljifri, K. (2025). Corporate sustainability and value. Journal of asia business studies, 19(3), 684–702. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-05-2024-0281
- [66] Hamed, R., Smolarski, J., Al-Shattarat, W., & Al-Shattarat, B. (2025). CSR reporting and corporate performance: The role of strategic emphasis. Sustainability accounting, management and policy journal, 16(3), 845–873. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-04-2024-0348
- [67] Tobin, J. (1969). A general equilibrium approach to monetary theory. Journal of money, credit and banking, 1(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.2307/1991374
- [68] Servaes, H., & Tamayo, A. (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness. Management science, 59(5), 1045–1061. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1120.1630
- [69] Al-Dhamari, R., Al-Gamrh, B., Farooque, O. Al, & Moses, E. (2022). Corporate social responsibility and firm market performance: The role of product market competition and firm life cycle. Asian review of accounting, 30(5), 713–745. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-07-2022-0179
- [70] Jenson, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of financial economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
- [71] Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. New york times magazine. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/13/archives/a-friedman-doctrine-the-social-responsibility-of-business-is-to.html
- [72] Barnea, A., & Rubin, A. (2010). Corporate social responsibility as a conflict between shareholders. Journal of business ethics, 97(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0496-z
- [73] Galaskiewicz, J. (2013). Social organization of an urban grants economy: A study of business philanthropy and nonprofit organizations. Academic press. https://openlibrary.org/books/OL3025734M/Social_organization_of_an_urban_grants_economy
- [74] Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic management: A stakeholder perspective. Boston, MA: Pitman Publishing. https://www.econbiz.de/Record/strategic-management-a-stakeholder-approach-freeman-robert-edward/10004018313
- [75] Backhaus, K. B., Stone, B. A., & Heiner, K. (2002). Exploringthe relationship between corporate social performance and employer attractiveness. Business & society, 41(3), 292–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650302041003003
- [76] Haley, U. C. V. (1991). Corporate contributions as managerial masques: Reframing corporate contributions as strategies to influence society. Journal of management studies, 28(5), 485–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00765.x
- [77] Ruf, B. M., Muralidhar, K., Brown, R. M., Janney, J. J., & Paul, K. (2001). An empirical investigation of the relationship between change in corporate social performance and financial performance: A stakeholder theory perspective. Journal of business ethics, 32(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010786912118
- [78] Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
- [79] Grant, R. M. (1991). The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation. California management review, 33(3), 114–135. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166664
- [80] Russo, M. V, & Fouts, P. A. (1997). A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability. Academy of management journal, 40(3), 534–559. https://doi.org/10.5465/257052
- [81] Alchian, A. A. (1950). Uncertainty, evolution, and economic theory. Journal of political economy, 58(3), 211–221. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/256940
- [82] Hart, O. D. (1983). The market mechanism as an incentive scheme. The bell journal of economics, 14(2), 366–382. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3003639
- [83] Schmidt, K. M. (1997). Managerial incentives and product market competition. The review of economic studies, 64(2), 191–213. https://doi.org/10.2307/2971709
- [84] Fisman, R., Heal, G., & Nair, V. B. (2007). A model of corporate philanthropy. https://geoffreyheal.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/fisman-heal-nair.pdf
- [85] Declerck, M. D., & M’Zali, B. (2012). Product market competition and corporate social responsibility. https://www.academia.edu/2969184/PRODUCT_MARKET_COMPETITION_AND_CORPORATE_SOCIAL_RESPONSIBILITY
- [86] Fernández-Kranz, D., & Santaló, J. (2010). When necessity becomes a virtue: The effect of product market competition on corporate social responsibility. Journal of economics & management strategy, 19(2), 453–487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2010.00258.x
- [87] Jiao, Y., & Shi, G. (2014). Social preference, product market competition, and firm value. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2221384
- [88] Ryu, D., Ho Hwanga, J., & Ryu, D. (2016). Corporate social responsibility, market competition, and shareholder wealth. Investment analysts journal, 45(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/10293523.2015.1125059

